RailTrailWx logoRailTrailWx
ForecastExploreLogbookProfilesAboutPricingUpdatesFAQPrivacyTermsYouTube

© 2026 Entrain Weather, LLC. RailTrailWxᵀᴹ and the Entrain Weather Microclimate Engineᵀᴹ are services of Entrain Weather, LLC.

Back to Trail Explorer

Great Allegheny Passage: Big Savage

Great Allegheny Passage: Big Savage, Allegany, Somerset Counties, MD, PA, 31.89 miles

Trail Facts

Hall of Fame
Inducted 2007 by Rails to Trails Conservancy
Length 32 mi
Elevation 622 to 2368 ft
Grade 1.0% average
Shade cover 62%
Surface Crushed gravel

Activities

E-biking · Biking · Walking · Running · Hiking · Birding · Cross-country skiing · and more

About This Trail

The Big Savage segment is the mountain end of the Great Allegheny Passage, 32 miles of crushed limestone from the C&O Canal terminus in Cumberland to Meyersdale. It climbs the old Western Maryland Railway grade up Wills Creek and past Frostburg at a steady 2 percent, sharing the Brush Tunnel and Helmstetter's Curve with the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad, crossing the Mason and Dixon Line, and passing through the 3,294-foot Big Savage Tunnel to the Eastern Continental Divide near Deal, the high point of the whole trail. From there it eases down over the Keystone Viaduct and the Bollman Bridge into Meyersdale, where the Casselman segment continues west toward Ohiopyle.

RailTrailWx TIPS

Great Allegheny Passage: Big Savage

Your comfort. Prognosticated.

  • Riding west from Cumberland is one long climb of about 1,750 feet to the Eastern Continental Divide, held to a rail grade of 1 to 2 percent for 24 miles, then an easy 8-mile coast into Meyersdale.
  • Cumberland sits near 600 feet and the divide near 2,400, so expect a real temperature difference end to end. The plateau around Deal and Sand Patch is the highest and coldest ground on the whole GAP, and snow lingers there after it is gone in Cumberland.
  • The Big Savage Tunnel is closed and sealed from about the end of November until early April to protect its liner from ice, and the Conservancy says there is no easy detour. In those months the segment ends at the tunnel from either side.
  • The corridor is walled for most of its length and shelters crosswinds well; the exceptions are the Big Savage vista at the tunnel's eastern portal and the open farmland on the divide, where any wind is felt in full.
  • When snow does come, the Mason and Dixon Line to Frostburg and Meyersdale to the divide are the stretches the National Park Service names for nordic skiing and snowshoeing on the GAP.
  • The Pennsylvania miles east of Meyersdale run past hunting land, and the Somerset County trail group asks trail users to wear blaze orange through hunting season.
  • Trains still use the Brush Tunnel and Helmstetter's Curve; the Conservancy advises pausing while a scenic railroad train passes through the tunnel because of noise and fumes.

-Cory

Trivia

  • Workers laying Western Maryland track in 1912 broke into the Cumberland Bone Cave on Wills Mountain, and Smithsonian paleontologists went on to identify 41 genera of Pleistocene mammals there.
  • Skeletons of an extinct cave bear and a saber-toothed cat from the Bone Cave are still on display in the Ice Age Mammal exhibit at the National Museum of Natural History.
  • Helmstetter's Curve, the horseshoe bend at mile 5.3, splits farmland the Helmstetter family has owned for more than a hundred years, and every Western Maryland Scenic Railroad train passes through it.
  • The 911-foot Brush Tunnel of 1911 carries both trail travelers and the scenic railroad's tourist trains through the same bore.
  • The Mason and Dixon Line crossing at mile 20.5 has a replica of the surveyors' 66-foot measuring chain laid across the trail surface; Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon ran the line between 1763 and 1767.
  • Big Savage Mountain and its tunnel are named for John Savage, an early surveyor who narrowly avoided being eaten by his starving party in 1736.
  • Restoring the collapsed Big Savage Tunnel cost 11.6 million dollars, with about 10 million in state grants and the rest from foundations and 374 individual donors.
  • The Eastern Continental Divide at mile 23.7 is the high point of the whole Pittsburgh to Washington route at 2,392 feet; water poured on one side runs to the Chesapeake, on the other to the Gulf of Mexico.
  • The 910-foot Keystone Viaduct of 1911 was lifted in place by CSX in 2011 so that double-stacked freight cars could pass beneath it.
  • The iron Bollman Bridge at mile 30.3 was built in 1871 to carry the B&O over Wills Creek, moved in 1910 to carry a farm road, and moved again in 2006 to carry the trail over Scratch Hill Road.

Climate

Excellent biking days per month, 2011-2025 climatology

In a typical year the Great Allegheny Passage: Big Savage has about 113 to 158 days of excellent weather for popular activities such as hiking, dog walking, e-biking, biking, running, birding, and walking, with May, September, and October the best months.

RailTrailWx Comfort Scores, for your activity.

Hourly comfort scores for the next 15 days of weather, tuned to your activity and your own thresholds.

Plan your visit to this trail. Get the best windows for a comfortable outing.

View the forecast

Enjoy the Great Allegheny Passage: Big Savage!

Peak Fall Color Climatology

Calendar of the typical peak fall color window along this trail

In half of past years, color along the Great Allegheny Passage: Big Savage peaks October 17 to 26, typically around October 22. The trail has 47% deciduous coverage, with the majority being red maple, chestnut oak, northern red oak, black cherry, and sugar maple.

History

In 1749 and 1750 the Delaware chief Nemacolin and frontiersman Thomas Cresap improved an old trail over the Alleghenies from the Potomac at Cumberland, and in 1755 General Braddock widened its eastern miles into a military road. Between 1910 and 1912 the Western Maryland built its 86-mile Connellsville Extension, meeting the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie at Connellsville in the heart of the coal and coke country. The P&LE line had opened in 1883 as the Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Youghiogheny, built with Vanderbilt money to feed Connellsville coke to the Pittsburgh furnaces. The B&O took control of the Western Maryland in 1973 and gave up the extension in 1975, keeping its own parallel route. The P&LE let its Youghiogheny line go in 1991. On June 9, 1978, the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy bought the first stretch of the old Western Maryland grade near Ohiopyle, and the first nine miles opened from Ramcat to Ohiopyle on May 17, 1986. Trail groups along the corridor united in 1995 as the Allegheny Trail Alliance, today the Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy. The last nine miles into Pittsburgh opened in June 2013, completing the 150 miles to Point State Park. This segment holds the Western Maryland's climb from Cumberland to the divide. The Big Savage Tunnel reopened in April 2006, and the last Maryland miles into Cumberland were dedicated that December, tying the trail to the C&O Canal Towpath.

Trailheads

  • CumberlandMILE 0Directions
  • Helmstetter's CurveMILE 5.1Directions
  • Woodcock HollowMILE 9.4Directions
  • FrostburgMILE 15.4Directions
  • DealMILE 24.6Directions
  • Warren's MillMILE 26.4Directions
  • Sand PatchMILE 28.1Directions
  • MeyersdaleMILE 31.9Directions

Connects To

C&O Canal Towpath · Great Allegheny Passage: Casselman

Managed By

Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy

Further Reading

  • Wikipedia · Great Allegheny Passage
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · How To Prepare
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · GAP Conservancy
  • GAP History · Mountain Maryland Trails (MMT)
  • Mountain Maryland Trails · Mountain Maryland Trails
  • Somerset County Recreation & Trails Association · SCRTA Projects: The Great Allegheny Passage
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Rules and Safety
  • Pennsylvania DCNR · Great Allegheny Passage
  • National Park Service · Skiing and Snowshoeing on the Great Allegheny Passage
  • GAP History · Big Savage Tunnel
  • Wikipedia · Big Savage Tunnel
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Eastern Continental Divide
  • GAP History · Eastern Continental Divide
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Cumberland Bone Cave
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Helmstetter's Curve
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Brush Tunnel
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Mason & Dixon Line
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Keystone Viaduct
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Bollman Bridge
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Cumberland
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Western Maryland Railway
  • American-Rails.com · The Connellsville Extension (WM): Map, History, Operation
  • GAP History · Rail Corridors Repurposed
  • GAP History · The History Project
  • GAP History · Ohiopyle Section
  • Wikipedia · Pittsburgh, McKeesport and Youghiogheny Railroad
  • Rails-to-Trails Conservancy (TrailLink) · Great Allegheny Passage History
  • Wikipedia · Nemacolin's Path
  • Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy · Big Savage Tunnel
  • GAP History · Maryland GAP Section
  • GAP History · Somerset County Section
  • Somerset County Recreation & Trails Association · Hunting Season on the Great Allegheny Passage: Stay Safe by Wearing Orange

Nearby trails

Great Allegheny Passage: Casselman

Rails to Trails Conservancy Hall of Fame
40 mi·PA
ExploreForecast

C & O Canal Towpath: Paw Paw

60 mi·MD
ExploreForecast

Indian Creek Valley Trail: North

8.2 mi·PA
ExploreForecast