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Flint Hills Trail

Flint Hills Trail, Franklin, Lyon, Miami, Morris, Osage Counties, KS, 92.22 miles

Trail Facts

Hall of Fame
Inducted 2025 by Rails to Trails Conservancy
Length 92 mi
Elevation 858 to 1432 ft
Grade 0.2% average
Shade cover 15%
Surface Crushed gravel

Activities

E-biking · Biking · Walking · Running · Hiking · Birding · Horseback riding · and more

About This Trail

The Flint Hills Trail runs 92 miles across east-central Kansas from Osawatomie to Council Grove on the crushed-limestone bed of the old Missouri Pacific line. It is the finished core of Flint Hills Trail State Park, the longest trail in the state. From Osawatomie the trail follows the Marais des Cygnes River under wooded bluffs to Ottawa, where it meets the Prairie Spirit Trail, then crosses open farm country through Pomona, Vassar, and Osage City. West of Admire the ground rises into the Flint Hills, and the last miles pass the Kaw Nation's Allegawaho Heritage Memorial Park into Council Grove. The grade is rail flat. Riding it means open sky, small towns, and long views.

RailTrailWx TIPS

Flint Hills Trail

Your comfort. Prognosticated.

  • Four fifths of this trail is open prairie and farm country with no shade at all, so sun and afternoon heat land on you in full. The one partially shaded stretch is the Marais des Cygnes bluff section between Osawatomie and Ottawa, where the wooded stream banks keep the trail cooler.
  • The corridor runs almost due east to west with no tree line or valley wall to break the wind. An east or west wind is a headwind or tailwind for the entire day, and a north or south wind is a steady crosswind, so check the direction before choosing which end to start from.
  • Westbound is uphill overall, about 400 feet of net gain from the Marais des Cygnes at Osawatomie to Council Grove, with the high ground in the Flint Hills west of Admire. Grades never exceed gentle rail grade, but the rise adds up over a long day, and the terrain turns hillier the farther west you go.
  • The surface is hard-packed crushed stone the whole way from Osawatomie to Council Grove. The old railroad ballast begins only west of Council Grove, beyond this trail's end.
  • Towns west of Osage City are tiny, some with only a few dozen residents, so plan water and food around Osage City and Council Grove rather than counting on the stops between.
  • The trail is shared with horses and is open sunrise to sunset every day of the year, with no permit required.

-Cory

Trivia

  • On August 10, 1825, three United States commissioners met Osage representatives under a large oak at Council Grove to secure passage for the Santa Fe Trail; the tree stood about 70 feet high and 16 feet around until a windstorm brought it down in 1958.
  • In 1860 trader Seth Hays counted 5,405 traders, 1,532 wagons, and 17,282 mules, oxen, and horses passing through Council Grove.
  • Marais des Cygnes means Marsh of the Swans in French, presumably for the trumpeter swans that were once common across the Midwest.
  • The Marais des Cygnes crested at nearly 43 feet in the Great Flood of 1951, which killed 28 people across the basin.
  • The 1925 Monument to the Unknown Kanza Warrior in Allegawaho Heritage Memorial Park is a 35 foot limestone tower.
  • In 1873 the federal government removed 533 Kanza people from their Council Grove reservation to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma.
  • The Flint Hills exist because bands of chert in the Permian limestone left a thin, stony soil that was never worth plowing, so the tallgrass prairie survived here when the surrounding prairie went under the plow.
  • The Flint Hills hold one of the last tallgrass prairie ecosystems in the United States; only about 4 percent of that ecosystem remains.
  • The Missouri Pacific's Colorado Eagle streamliner, launched in June 1942 between St. Louis and Denver, carried Pullman sleepers and Planetarium Dome cars.
  • In 2025 the trail won induction into the Rails-to-Trails Conservancy Hall of Fame with more than 80 percent of the public vote.

Climate

Excellent biking days per month, 2011-2025 climatology

In a typical year the Flint Hills Trail has about 97 to 153 days of excellent weather for popular activities such as hiking, dog walking, running, e-biking, biking, walking, and birding, with April, October, and November the best months.

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Enjoy the Flint Hills Trail!

Peak Fall Color Climatology

There is too little deciduous tree cover along the Flint Hills Trail to measure a peak color window. The trail has 9% deciduous coverage, with the majority being hackberry, Osage-orange, black walnut, American elm, and chinkapin oak.

History

On August 10, 1825, three United States commissioners met Osage leaders under a large oak at Council Grove and bought safe passage for the Santa Fe Trail. The mile-wide grove gave wagon crews shelter and repair timber through the trail years, 1821 to 1866. In 1860 one trader counted 1,532 wagons through town. By 1848 the Kaw people had been pushed onto a reservation of twenty miles square near Council Grove. In 1873 the government removed 533 of them to Indian Territory. Their last village sites lie in Allegawaho Heritage Memorial Park, which the trail passes today. The railroad followed the same corridor. The Council Grove, Osage City and Ottawa Railway was completed in 1886. It soon became part of the Missouri Pacific, whose Kansas City to Pueblo line reached Colorado by December 1887. MoPac ran the line for about a century. Service ended in the 1980s, and the road was abandoned in stages between 1993 and 1995. Rails-to-Trails Conservancy railbanked the corridor in 1995 and deeded it to the Kanza Rail-Trails Conservancy. With private donations and volunteer labor, Kanza opened the first miles at Osawatomie in 2003. A 17 mile section to Ottawa followed in 2005. The Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks began partnering with Kanza in 2013. In 2018 the legislature made the corridor Flint Hills Trail State Park. A 24.8 million dollar federal RAISE grant in 2022 now funds surfacing and bridge work, and in 2025 the trail entered the Rails-to-Trails Conservancy Hall of Fame.

Trailheads

  • OsawatomieMILE 0Directions
  • RantoulMILE 9.1Directions
  • OttawaMILE 20.2Directions
  • PomonaMILE 30.5Directions
  • VassarMILE 41.1Directions
  • Osage CityMILE 52.5Directions
  • MillerMILE 62.1Directions
  • AdmireMILE 68.4Directions
  • AllenMILE 72.2Directions
  • BushongMILE 77.5Directions
  • Allegawaho Heritage Memorial ParkMILE 88.5Directions
  • Council GroveMILE 92.2Directions

Connects To

Prairie Spirit Trail · American Discovery Trail · Kanza Heritage Trail

Managed By

Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks

Further Reading

  • Rails-to-Trails Conservancy · Kansas' Flint Hills Trail State Park: September 2025 Trail of the Month
  • Kanza Rail-Trails Conservancy · Flint Hills Trail
  • Kansas Tourism · Flint Hills Trail State Park
  • Council Grove Convention and Visitors Bureau · Flint Hills Nature Trail
  • Rails-to-Trails Conservancy (TrailLink) · Flint Hills Trail State Park History
  • Rails-to-Trails Conservancy · Kansas' Flint Hills Trail State Park Recognized as Hall of Fame Trail
  • Kansas Sampler Foundation · Council Grove, Santa Fe Trail National Historic Landmark
  • Wikipedia · Marais des Cygnes River
  • Council Grove Convention and Visitors Bureau · The Kaw Nation
  • Kansas Geological Survey · Flint Hills
  • KANSAS! Magazine · Flint Hills Trail State Park: From Rail to Trail
  • KC Hiker · Flint Hills Trail: 100+ miles of pastoral delight

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